ii. Urban Systems & Infrastructure

Urban systems and infrastructure describe the interconnected networks that enable cities to function. These systems support movement, utilities, services, and economic activity, and must operate reliably at scale to sustain population density and growth.

Critical Infrastructure

Systems whose disruption would significantly impact public safety, economic activity, or essential services.

Energy System

Infrastructure responsible for generating, transmitting, and distributing power.

Infrastructure Network

Interconnected assets that deliver services such as transportation, water, or communications.

Interdependency

The condition where multiple systems rely on one another to function effectively.

Public Infrastructure

Assets owned or operated by public entities to serve collective needs.

Service Capacity

The maximum level of demand an infrastructure system can support.

System Resilience

The ability of infrastructure to withstand, adapt to, and recover from disruptions.

Transportation System

Networks that support the movement of people and goods.

Utility Network

Infrastructure providing water, wastewater, energy, or telecommunications services.

Urban System

A coordinated set of physical, social, and economic components operating within a city.